GENDER-SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF POST-TRAUMATIC SYNDROME AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN MILITARY PERSONNEL

Abstract

This article examines the gender-specific aspects of the course of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the psychological adaptation of military personnel. Amidst the full-scale aggression against Ukraine, analyzing gender factors in the context of how military personnel cope with stressful situations has become critically important. Extreme service conditions place heightened demands on the psychological resilience of personnel. Since men and women differ in their perception of stress and coping mechanisms, accounting for gender specifics is crucial for maintaining their combat readiness and psychological health. Research in this area will enable the creation of targeted psychological support programs, directly impacting the effectiveness of combat mission execution and the strengthening of national security. The article substantiates that, in modern warfare, the gender factor significantly influences the nature of psychological trauma, the manifestation of neurotic conditions, and emotional regulation strategies. It is established that the prevalence of PTSD is higher among women than among men. Furthermore, the study defines the "gender characteristics" of military personnel as differentiated, culturally ingrained patterns of male and female behavior and interpersonal interaction that directly shape how they perceive the stressors associated with military service. Qualitative differences in symptomatology were identified: men tend toward the instrumental suppression of emotions and displays of physical aggression, whereas women predominantly exhibit cognitive-emotional disturbances, anxiety-depressive states, pronounced stress, and the like. It was established that women more frequently employ emotion-focused coping strategies and seek social support, while men are characterized by avoidance, rationalization, and destructive methods of tension relief. The study results underscore the urgent need to implement differentiated, gender-sensitive programs for the psychological rehabilitation and support of military personnel to enhance the effectiveness of their reintegration into society.