LATIN-DERIVED VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH, BORROWED INTO UKRAINIAN

Abstract

The article examines the process of Latin vocabulary penetration into the English language and its subsequent borrowing into Ukrainian. The semantic groups of loanwords, the adaptation pathways of foreign linguistic elements, and the influence of Latinisms on Ukrainian terminology, particularly in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and law, are analyzed. Special attention is given to the transitive role of English as a mediator between Latin and Ukrainian. The influence of the English language on Ukrainian through the borrowing of Latin-derived words is explored. The majority of Latin loanwords adopted via English preserve their original Latin morphemic structure while undergoing phonetic and morphological adaptation to Ukrainian. These lexical units frequently operate as terminological units, thereby increasing their linguistic stability. It examines the causes and consequences of this phenomenon, particularly in the context of globalization, technological development, and international communication. The author analyzes the fields where such borrowings are most common (science, medicine, IT, politics, economics) as well as their usage in Ukrainian media over the past decade. Special attention is given to words that have become key during socio-political events (e.g., sanctions, democracy, inflation, pandemic) and their adaptation in the Ukrainian linguistic space. Among the methods used for the research are analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, and comparison. The works of scholars who have previously addressed this topic in their research are reviewed. An analysis has been carried out on the frequency of usage of specific lexemes in public speech and the media space of Ukraine over the last decade (2014–2024). The study is based on an analysis of scholarly works, data from the National Corpus of the Ukrainian Language, media materials, and social networks. The results confirm that Latinisms entering through English serve as an important tool for international communication and reflect the dynamics of modern society.