SYNTAXEME WITH CONDITIONAL MEANING IN PRONOUN-RELATIVE SENTENCES

Abstract

The article analyzes nominative-predicative units (phrasal nominations) with a conditional meaning, which act as syntaxes in pronominal-relative sentences. The circle of correlative pairs, involved in the formation of conditional semantics, was determined, and the separated constructions were divided based on external indicators (correlative pairs). Among the constructions of an undivided structure, namely pronominal-relative clauses, it can be singled out a group in which the meaning of convention is expressed. However, it should be noted that in adverbial sentences the analyzed semantics is not realized in its pure form. The center of the conditional semantics of pronominal sentences (this is the first group of units with pronominal components) are constructions with correlates then – if, which clearly indicate the condition under which the action would take place. Such syntaxes – phrasal nominations can be called nuclear from the point of view of semantics; on the quantitative side, they constitute an insignificant group, for which the expression of an unreal condition is common. Despite the fact that the correlative pair then – if most clearly expresses conditional semantics in phrasal nominations, constructions with such formal indicators also have additional layers. The meaning of the condition can be expressed using the correlative pair there – where, which is actually an indicator of locative semantics (the second group of syntactic units). However, in a certain context, such formal means can realize other meanings, in particular, conditions. It was found that correlates there-where conditional semantics are revealed only in works of oral folk art and only under the condition of the prepositive location of the phrasal nomination, when the connective word where is placed at the absolute beginning of the sentence. The third group should include syntactic units with phrasal nominations, in which the conditional meaning is represented by formal means then – when, then – as, while – then, when – then. Etymologically, such adverbs are related to temporal semantics. However, the analysis showed that these units in a certain context realize the conventional meaning, although the temporal nuance remains quite noticeable. Conditional semantics is realized by a correlative pair both under the condition of the preposition of the phrasal nomination and under the condition of the postpositive arrangement. To strengthen the conditional semantics in such situations, an additional means is involved - the use of reinforcing and isolating prepositive particles.