PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONTRASTIVE APPROACH OF COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR WHEN TRANSLATING FROM ENGLISH INTO UKRAINIAN

Abstract

The article is devoted to the practical application of the contrastive approach of comparative grammar, as well as the views within it when translating English grammatical structures into Ukrainian. The influence of basic and secondary grammatical categories on the translation decision is considered, and typical isomorphisms and allomorphisms are established, which determine the need to adapt syntactic constructions. The focus of the analysis is two main views on the practical application of the contrastive approach of comparative grammar to the translation of grammatical structures: template and creative. The author outlines the scope of each of them depending on the functional style of the text, the purpose of communication and the expectations of the recipient. Particular attention is paid to contrastivity as the basis for describing interlingual grammatical equivalents, as well as the stylistic factor as the main regulator of translation transformation. Through the analysis of practical examples from official business, journalistic and artistic discourse, it is shown how the structure of the statement changes depending on the pragmatic function of the message. The advantages and limitations of each view are considered, and the importance of functional analysis is emphasized, in which the translator focuses on semantic and communicative adequacy, rather than formal literalness. The conclusion attempts to assess the correlation of lexical and grammatical components of translation, proving that it is the grammatical structure that in many cases determines the logic and content of the statement. The idea of exaggerating the role of transformations in translation theory is also critically analyzed, taking into account the automatism and intuitiveness in the actions of an experienced translator. The material is based on domestic and foreign theoretical works, as well as educational sources and scientific articles, which allows forming a holistic idea of the problem under study.