THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL CONTEXTS ON THE FORMATION OF AXIOLOGICAL SEMANTICS IN MODERN GERMAN

Abstract

The article investigates the influence of cultural contexts on the formation of axiological semantics of lexemes and phraseological units on the basis of practical material. It has been found that cultural contexts reflect the general nature of social, historical, geographical, cultural, spiritual meanings for understanding and reproduction of a language. The article highlights the variety of axiological meanings used in everyday communication, which illustrate the basic value conceptual characteristic of the German nation. It is stated that despite the outlined main types of cultural contexts, each type has substantial subgroups that ensure the formation of axiological semantics of different thematic groups. The importance of language in reflecting the national and cultural attributes of the people through the axiological meanings is proved. It is argued that a misunderstanding of the differences in the perception of axiological meanings can lead to significant substantive violations in senses and lack of communication. It is analysed and shown on practical material that the organisation of resource conservation and environmental protection are deeply rooted in German culture and are manifested in the positive semantics of lexemes and phraseological units due to the geographical cultural context; the culture of celebration and celebration of traditions are considered as part of the religious and ideological-spiritual cultural context and provide the axiological semantics of linguistic units of this group; the mention of famous personalities in phraseological units are symbols of German culture which construct positive and negative semantics. The attitude of Germans to their own history reveals the cultural historical context and is the basis for evaluative meaning; the social cultural context is the basis for the axiological semantics of individualism and personal freedom. The role of cultural contexts (historical, social, geographical, religious, ideological, spiritual and linguistic) in the formation of axiological semantics is crucial.