CONCEPT OF TERM AND ITS PLACE IN THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM

Abstract

The article examines the features of a term as the main unit of a terminological system, its key characteristics, as well as the ways and methods of term formation. There are numerous definitions that reveal the phonetic, morphological, semantic, and syntactic essence of a term. A term is a word or phrase that denotes a clearly defined specialized concept in a particular field of science, technology, art, social life, etc. It has been established that the primary feature distinguishing a term from commonly used words is its function of expressing a specific professional concept. A term is an element of the system of linguistic signs necessary for communication in a specific field. The main requirements for a term include systematicity, monosemy, and specificity within the terminological system, stylistic neutrality, relevance to the conceptual system of a particular field, accuracy and conciseness, derivational potential, and high informativeness. It has been analyzed that the semantics of a term is formed within the field of specialized knowledge and, therefore, does not belong to literary language. In general, any term is an integral part of the conceptual framework of a specific field of knowledge used by a limited circle of specialists, which means it cannot be considered a universally national asset. In this regard, term formation has its own peculiarities compared to the development of commonly used words and necessitates the creation of new terms. The article discusses terminology as a system of terms specific to a particular field of science, technology, art, social and political life, or a collection of terms in a language. Terminology constitutes an autonomous part of the vocabulary, whose elements generally do not belong to the literary language vocabulary. It is defined that any term is connected to a concept. This relationship, unlike that of common words, is dominant. A scientific term nominates a concept, which reveals its definition only within a specific conceptual system, as its semantics is formed from specialized knowledge that does not belong to the literary language.