ETYMOLOGICAL ORIGIN AND TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH FINANCE TERMINOLOGY

Abstract

The article is devoted to the research of etymological origin and the specificity of translation of English finance terminology. The definition of the notion financial terminology is given, languages of origin of financial terms and the time of their entry into the English language are determined; ways and transformation of translation of its financial terms are revealed and analyzed in the article. Terminology of the sphere of finance is a set of official units designating professional notions of the sphere. Its English terminology was formed on the basis of native units, as well as borrowings from European and non-European languages. European borrowings are predominantly assimilated units of the English language. Their dominant groups are represented by Latin, Greek and French units. Most terms from classical languages came to the English language through French. English terminology of the sphere of finance also includes units of Italian, Spanish, Dutch, Portuguese and German origin. These units are partially assimilated in the English language. Its non-assimilated units are financial terms of non-European origin, particularly those derived Arabic, Chinese and Japanese languages. Their entry into the English language was carried out not only from donor languages, but also via European intermediary languages. Some financial terms are hybrid ones, containing terminological elements of European origin. The etymology, time of entry, structural and semantic features of English financial terms and characteristics of the target addressee are decisive factors in their translating into the Ukrainian language. Native financial terms of the English language with simple structure are translated by their Ukrainian equivalents. International terms, borrowed from Latin and Greek, as well as partially assimilated terms from European languages are rendered by transcoding. Non-assimilated terms from non-European languages, as well as hybrid terms are translated descriptively or by transcoding if the addressee of translation is a professional of the sphere of finance. Native and assimilated complex terms as well as some English terminological combinations of the sphere of finance are translated by calquing. Most English terminological combinations of the sphere of finance are rendered by translating transformations that help to overcome differences in сollocability, syntactic relations, and the structure of units from different languages. Permutation and complex transformations are the most widely used in their rendering into the Ukrainian language.