PUBLICIST DISCOURSE: THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF RESEARCH

Abstract

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of journalistic discourse as a complex communicative phenomenon formed through the interaction of linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The interdisciplinary nature of the concept of "discourse," its etymology, and evolution in linguistic science from Z. Harris's definition to T. van Dijk's conception are examined. The relationship between the concepts of "discourse" and "text" is analyzed, where discourse emerges as a dynamic form of text actualization in specific mental and pragmatic conditions. Particular attention is paid to Ukrainian research on discourse, notably the works of F. Batsevych and A. Zahnitko, who consider discourse as a cognitive-communicative and sociolinguistic phenomenon with a two-dimensional structure: extralingual and intralinguistic. The typology of discourses according to various criteria, particularly social-situational and functional-stylistic parameters, is analyzed. Journalistic discourse is characterized in detail as the most widespread and dynamic type of contemporary communication. Its linguostylistic foundations, relationship with journalistic style, communicative parameters, and functions are explored. The specificity of journalistic discourse as an institutional type of communication has been identified: informing mass audiences about socially significant events, forming social evaluation, and managing public opinion through the combination of rational components (logicality, argumentativeness, factual accuracy) and emotional components (expressiveness, evaluativeness). The characteristics of the addressee as a potential audience modeled by the author according to various social characteristics are analyzed. Special attention is devoted to contemporary transformations of journalistic discourse under the influence of information and communication technologies, particularly the formation of internet discourse with its specific linguistic characteristics. Changes in the genre structure of journalism associated with the transition from print to electronic media are examined. The relevance of studying journalistic discourse within the framework of critical discourse analysis and the theory of speech influence is substantiated. Prospects for further research, particularly the lexicographic description of journalistic discourse, are outlined