PSYCHOGENESIS OF LINGUISTIC THINKING AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE LINGUAL STATUS OF QUALIFYING WORDS IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article attempts to investigate the evolution of the linguistic status of qualifying words in relation to the genesis of language-determined thinking and the development of the grammatical structure of the German language. This process is based on the evolution of human thinking from the concept of predicativity to the idea of predication, and, correspondingly, from the concept of substance to the distinguishing of its property characteristics, hence, it is a generator of parts of speech – the grammatical markers of the word that determine its role in verbalized logical operations and undergo historical changes as regards a broadening of both its intensional and extensional. The adjective, which came from the depths of the ancient substantive (Nomen) due to the processes of pronominalization of the nominal paradigm, preserved some archaic elements of this paradigm that gave rise to the development of qualifying elementary signs (short forms); these as historically one of the morphological manifestations of the lexeme have become its original form at the level of the lexicon and expanded their syntactic positions in the predicate group by "absorbing" sameroot short forms of a qualitative adverb. Unlike traditional adjectives and adverbs, which were identified at the morphological level (qualifying word + noun = adjective, verb + qualifying word = adverb), a qualifying elementary sign whose syntagmatic meaning is implicitly incorporated in the lexical meaning as grammatical information about its syntax is bestowed with a communicative-logical two-functions relatedness to the subject-predicate structure of actual and potential sentences (K + S… V + K). This process is directly related to the creation of syntagmatic proportions between the noun group and the verb group as well as to the tendency of the German sentence at nominalization of the predicate loaded with the purpose of enhancing the analyticity contours of communication. The relationship of the qualifying word with the components of the subject-predicate structure of the sentence has engendered a new form of grammatical thinking in the structure of the German language, which expresses an attributive relatedness as opposed to the situationalcategorical meaning of the adverb. Ancient bahuvrihi compound → emancipated adjective → derivational qualitative adverb → qualifying elementary sign – a new part of speech the "qualifier" (ARTWORT) reproduce an evolutionary path of the development of a new grammatical form of thinking in the grammatical structure of the German language.