ESTABLISHMENT AND PERIODIZATION OF FOREIGN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF SOVIET CENSORSHIP POLICY (1920S-1980S)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/cusu-hist-2024-1-8Keywords:
foreign historiography, ideological control, political censorship, censorship policyAbstract
The article examines the main stages of the formation and development of foreign historiography of the Soviet censorship policy. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-systemic, historical-genetic) methods. The research is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity and scientific knowledge. The purpose of the article is to analyze the period of formation of foreign historiography of Soviet political censorship and to determine their content. The work presents several periodizations of the censorship policy of the Soviet era, based on the analysis of the relevant set of historical sources. It was found out which factors influenced the researchers’ choice of certain aspects of the researched problem. The source base of the considered studies and the degree of awareness of the researchers are determined. It is shown that foreign researchers could not use the documents of the Soviet archives for objective reasons. This influenced the level of research into the history of Soviet censorship policy and stimulated the theoretical understanding of the studied phenomenon. It has been proved that there is a significant part of researches that consider the censorship policy as one of the important components of the ideological mechanism of the Soviet political system. t is shown that from the very beginning it was Western researchers who determined the scientific directions and methods of studying the history of Soviet censorship. The history of Soviet censorship began to be studied in a more systematic way only in the 1990s, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when scientists had the opportunity to study a significant array of previously unavailable materials. Therefore, a significant role in the study of Soviet censorship before 1991 belongs to foreign historians, Sovietologists, philologists, whose research is based on documents of the open press, numerous memories and testimonies of emigrants.
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