Наукові записки. Серія: Психологія

PECULIARITIES OF PERFECTIONISM MANIFESTATION IN STUDENT-AGE INDIVIDUALS

Hanna Barabashchuk — 2025-12-03

Modern society is characterized by the intensive development of social interaction, which is evident in the active involvement of young people in social networks and communication apps. This trend is accompanied by a growing desire to reach new heights, to be perfect and successful, to follow personal ideals, and to achieve set goals in a short time. This aspiration is generally positive, as it motivates young individuals to learn and improve themselves. However, it can also lead to excessively high self-demands, dissatisfaction with one’s life, undervaluing personal achievements, knowledge, and skills, and developing hostility toward anything that does not meet one’s own or society’s defined standards. This article is devoted to exploring the peculiarities of perfectionism among individuals of student age, which is a pressing issue in the context of rapidly evolving social interaction and the drive for success in modern society. Through theoretical analysis, the concept of “perfectionism” has been operationalized; its structure, types, and consequences have been identified; and both its constructive and destructive manifestations in student life have been defined. Constructive perfectionism – such as persistence, the ability to set challenging tasks, and maintain a high level of motivation – contributes to students’ academic success. In contrast, destructive perfectionism, which arises under the pressure of fear of mistakes and unattainable goals, leads to stress, emotional burnout, and a decline in self-confidence. The conducted empirical study aimed to identify the dominant characteristics of perfectionism among students with different sibling positions. It has been proven that there are differences between student groups with the sibling positions of “only child”, “youngest child”, “middle child”, and “oldest child” in terms of overall perfectionism levels, self-oriented perfectionism, striving for order, and organizational tendencies.

EMDR THERAPY IN CRISIS CONTEXTS: UKRAINIAN AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

Olena Blyzniukova — 2025-12-03

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in addressing post-traumatic conditions in war-affected contexts. The study is based on a review of contemporary Ukrainian and international scientific literature, as well as data from a randomized controlled trial among Ukrainian psychotherapists working in active combat zones. Special attention is given to adapted group and remote EMDR protocols, particularly EMDR-IGTP-OTS-R, which enable safe and effective interventions with traumatized individuals under crisis conditions and ensure access to psychotherapy for a larger number of participants. The article discusses the conceptual foundations of EMDR, including the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, key constructs of traumatic memories, negative cognitions, and affective and physiological activation. It presents the main EMDR protocols, their group modifications, and adaptations for remote implementation in contexts of limited access to therapists. Research findings demonstrate significant reductions in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, development of adaptive stress-coping strategies, and increased psychological resilience, while effects on overall well-being and life satisfaction are less pronounced. Based on the literature review and practical data, recommendations are provided for implementing EMDR in Ukrainian psychotherapeutic practice, including the use of group and remote formats, adaptation of protocols to Ukrainian conditions, and increasing access to therapy for war-affected populations. The article confirms the effectiveness of EMDR in crisis and culturally specific settings and highlights prospects for the broader implementation of adapted EMDR protocols in psychotherapy practice.

PECULIARITIES OF MOTIVATION FOR STUDENTS’ CREATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Yaroslava Vasylkevych — 2025-12-03

The article presents a theoretical substantiation and empirical study of the peculiarities of motivation for students’ creative activity within the system of vocational training under the conditions of higher education reform. A socio-philosophical and psychological-pedagogical analysis of the problem of the development of an individual’s creative activity is carried out. Results regarding the motivational profile and the structure of the leading motives for creativity were obtained. Within the hierarchy of creative activity motives among students, intrinsic motivation prevails over extrinsic motivation. The most significant motives for fostering creative activity are the striving for selfaffirmation and cognitive need. The aspiration for self-affirmation (especially in the form of striving for excellence) increases with the growing professionalism of a creative personality. The research results showed that the leading motivation for creativity is personal motivation of an independent nature (development motivation). Externally directed instrumental motivation, which contributes to satisfying such needs as fame, success, and material benefits – allowing creative individuals to simultaneously express themselves and receive recognition from others, impress others, and self-present – proved less significant for effective creative activity. The article examines the peculiarities of the development of motivation for students’ creative activity as an important integral characteristic of future specialists’ professionalism in the context of vocational education. It is concluded that, to support intrinsic motivation, which promotes creative activity, it is extremely important to provide opportunities for choice and autonomy, reduce control, and provide the information necessary for decision-making and task completion. A key condition for the manifestation of intrinsic motivation is supporting autonomy, that is, the subject’s desire to feel as the initiator of his or her activity.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MANIFESTATIONS OF POLYSYSTEMIC PERSONALITY INTEGRITY

Yevheniia Heiko — 2025-12-03

The article states that integrity is one of the fundamental properties of complex entities (systems); the properties and requirements of the whole are considered important determinants of development, and the development of personal integrity is its criterion. It is determined that the integrity of the personality manifests itself as internal consistency and participation, mutual support of all parts-systems of the subject. An integral personality is a personality that is oriented towards significant self-modification; accepts and values its own experience as a valuable resource for such self-modification; is inclined and willing to use other positive experiences for self-modification. The following types of polysystemic integrity of personality have been identified: “active, practical, conscientious” – “tolerant”; “indecisive, conscientious, introactive” – “adaptive”; “impulsive, dependent” – “sensitive”; “unstable, emotional” – “self-destructive”; “unempathetic, self-confident” – “prone to accumulation”; “self-sufficient, emotionally stable, radical” – “dominant”; “sensitive, conservative, dependent” – “timid”; “unambiguous, conformist, rigid, prone to dominance” – “negative”; “restrained, tense, conscientious” – “dependent”. Based on numerous scientific findings, it has been proven that when a person who has been exposed to a stressful factor has a negative image of their own “I”, this provokes the adoption of defensive behavior patterns. The latter have a detrimental effect on the level of social activity and the desire for self-expression. As a result, a maladaptive personality type is formed, which lacks the ability to effectively adapt to changing circumstances. The formation of a corrected personality structure is influenced by the individual’s self-perception, the influence of stress factors, and their value-based attitude towards others and the world in general. Thus, the “I-concept” serves as a benchmark for the psychological norm of development for a person who has experienced stress. It is thanks to an integrated rehabilitation program, which includes psychodynamic and art therapy techniques, that the personal sphere of individuals who have experienced stress is corrected and a harmonious personality is successfully formed.

PSYCHOSEMANTIC APPROACH IN EVALUATING ORGANIZATIONAL PERSONNEL

Halina Horska — 2025-12-03

The article considers the problem of theoretical substantiation and practical application of the psychosemantic approach in personality diagnostics, in particular, for assessing organizational personnel. The features of psychosemantics as a scientific field aimed at identifying an individual system of meanings and personal meanings recorded in the consciousness of the subject of a certain activity are revealed. It is noted that the theoretical ideas of psychosemantics are implemented in a specific approach to the structure of methods and the organization of experimental psychological research. Psychosemantic methods of personality psychodiagnostics allow us to reveal the content of the categorical structure of a person’s consciousness, to understand how he perceives and evaluates the world around him and himself. The key task of experimental psychosemantics is the reconstruction of the system of individual meanings and personal meanings formed and recorded in the human mind. The theoretical foundations of the construction and technology of the most famous and popular psychosemantic methods of personality diagnostics are analyzed: Ch. Osgood’s semantic differential and G. Kelly’s repertory grid. The results of the modification and testing of these diagnostic tools for the work of a psychologist in the business sector, for the purpose of assessing the personnel of institutions and organizations, are presented. Personnel performance evaluation is a mandatory procedure in the field of HR-management, which is periodically carried out by management to determine whether employees meet job requirements and the prospects for their further career growth. These attempts to use modified versions of the Semantic Differential and the Repertory Grid Technique to assess the professional qualities of personnel have demonstrated their convenience, feasibility, effectiveness, and the ability to take into account the real conditions of the current state of employees and institutions.

DEVELOPMENT OF REFLECTIVE THINKING AS A CONDITION FOR PREPARING FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS FOR SUPERVISION

Natalia Dmeterko — 2025-12-03

The article raises the problem of reflective thinking as a condition for preparing future psychologists for supervision. The features of supervision as cooperation between two professionals are revealed. It is shown that during supervision, the emphasis is on professional assistance to another psychologist by the supervisor in gaining experience in solving professional tasks. Supervision is an important component both at the stage of a psychologist’s professional development and in the process of his further professionalization. There are certain difficulties in organizing supervision at the stage of professional training of practical psychologists in Ukraine. It is argued that supervision presupposes the formation of the psychologist’s relevant competencies for its passage. One of which is professional reflection. The importance of reflection and reflective thinking as a condition for preparing future psychologists for supervisory activities is substantiated. The features of a psychologist’s reflective thinking are revealed. The psychologist’s reflective thinking is aimed at professional knowledge of the deep layers of the psyche by establishing a relationship between externally observed behavioural manifestations and deep psychological determinants in order to learn the patterns of functioning of the phenomenon of the psyche and determine effective ways of providing psychological assistance to the subject in solving his personal problem, which is accompanied by self-reflection by the specialist of the correspondence of his own methods of action to the tasks of professional activity. It is shown that the development of reflective thinking occurs in the process of deep psychocorrection using the method of active social and psychological cognition (ASPC). The methodological principles of deep psychocorrection, its methods and mechanisms of changes in participants are revealed. It is shown that the deep correction process is subject to the laws of positive disintegration of the psyche and its secondary integration at a higher level of development. One of the main methods of deep psychocorrection is dialogue, which is implemented in accordance with the basic provisions of the psychodynamic paradigm.

RESEARCH ON THE EMOTIONAL STATE OF A LEADER’S PERSONALITY IN MODERN ORGANIZATIONS

Natalia Lukina — 2025-12-03

The article presents the results of a theoretical study of the concept of leadership. After all, the successful development of modern society and organizations in the context of globalization, technological change, and a dynamic environment is determined not only by the availability of resources, but also by the effectiveness of management activities, a key element of which is leadership. The phenomenon of leadership encompasses the ability of an individual to influence the behavior of others, organize their joint activities, form a vision of the goal, and motivate them to achieve it. The results of an empirical study on emotional intelligence and the level of subjective control among managers of different departments of “SVANTOVIT” LLC. To assess the emotional state of a leader’s personality, N. Hall’s Emotional Intelligence test and J. Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale (adapted by E. Bazhin, S. Golynkina, and A. Etkind) were applied. The analysis revealed that the most developed component of emotional intelligence is empathy (33% of participants showed high results), while emotion management turned out to be the least developed (only 21% with high results). The overall level of subjective control indicates the predominance of an internal locus (58%), which is favorable for managerial activity. However, in the sphere of failures, external locus predominates (54%), suggesting a tendency to attribute mistakes to external factors. The findings highlight the importance of developing emotional self-regulation skills and fostering responsibility for failures as essential elements of effective leadership. Leadership characteristics are not a secondary component, but rather a systemic factor in effective management, which should be a key focus of development in the management environment. Current trends in leadership development in the organizational sphere are revealed. The data obtained can be used for further development of leadership potential programs.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING JUSTICE IN LAW STUDENTS

Dmytro Matvieiev — 2025-12-03

The article substantiates a psychological program for the development of justice as a professional value (quality) in law students, created on the basis of a comprehensive empirical study of the cognitive, emotionalvalue, and conative components of this integral personal formation. It analyzes classical and modern approaches to understanding the phenomenon of justice by foreign scholars, as well as domestic research on morality and the professional training of future lawyers. The article presents the results of an empirical study of justice among students pursuing legal education. It is noted that most respondents demonstrate a sufficiently developed cognitive component of justice, which is manifested in their established understanding of moral norms. At the same time, the emotional-value and behavioral components appear contradictory: about half of future lawyers show a high level of acceptance of others, while simultaneously displaying tendencies toward social pessimism; approximately two-thirds of respondents are willing to violate rules in the absence of external control. This highlights the need for integrative psychological work. Based on the obtained data, a program is proposed that includes three interrelated modules aimed at developing the cognitive, emotional-value, and conative components of justice in future lawyers. The program incorporates training sessions, group discussions, role-playing, case analysis, sociodrama, supervision, and individual reflection. Expected outcomes include improved moral judgment, the development of empathy, tolerance, and positive self-attitude, a reduction in moral disengagement, and the formation of readiness to assume personal responsibility in situations involving moral choice. The article outlines prospects for further research, including the experimental verification of the effectiveness of the proposed program.

THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL LANDSCAPE OF WAR: FEATURES OF UKRAINIANS’ REACTIONS AND WAYS OF HEALING

Nadiia Myshko — 2025-12-03

The article explores the psycho-emotional landscape of Ukrainian society under the conditions of the fullscale war. The author analyzes specific reactions of Ukrainians to traumatic events through the lens of classical models of grief and crisis (E. Kübler-Ross, W. Hoppe) as well as the concept of post-traumatic growth (R. Tedeschi, L. Calhoun). Three main types of responses are distinguished: the “Sensitive” (emotionally vulnerable individuals in need of support and verbalization), the “Rebels” (frustrated, angry, with strong feelings of injustice), and the “Awakened” (those who have gone through transformation and achieved post-traumatic growth). It is emphasized that these types are not fixed identities but dynamic phases of adaptation. The study highlights Ukrainian cultural features such as solidarity, horizontal social structures, compassion, and historically rooted resilience as key resources enabling both survival and transformation of collective trauma into a source of unity and growth. Practical strategies for healing are proposed: acknowledgment of trauma, creation of safe spaces for storytelling and sharing, strengthening of grassroots mutual support practices, and democratization of post-traumatic growth processes. The article underlines the humanistic potential of the Ukrainian experience: the ability to preserve humanity in times of crisis, to form a renewed national identity, and to create a vision of the future based on solidarity and empathy. The research opens perspectives for further empirical studies aimed at quantitative identification of the described response types and their dynamics over time.

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR WOMEN’S SELF-REALIZATION IN PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS

Olga Navrotska — 2025-12-03

The article highlights and characterizes the psychological conditions for women’s self-realization in public organizations. As a result of the analysis of the legislative and regulatory framework, we have stated that an important problem in modern society is the problem of ensuring equal opportunities for women’s self-realization. The purpose of the scientific work is to determine and substantiate the psychological conditions for women’s self-realization in public organizations. In particular, the essence of the concept of “personal self-realization” is revealed. Public organizations are identified as a powerful center for women’s self-realization, because they contribute not only to their personal growth, but also to positive changes in society. The purpose of these organizations is outlined. The positive aspects of women’s participation in public organizations are identified: expanding women’s rights in political and economic life; forming a culture of mutual support among women; increasing awareness in various spheres of life; protecting their rights, freedoms, etc. The interpretation of the concept of “psychological conditions” is presented. The actual definition of the term “psychological conditions for women’s self-realization in public organizations” is proposed. The focus is on internal (intrapsychic) and external (interpsychic) psychological conditions. The psychological conditions of professional self-realization of the individual are considered. A complex of internal and external psychological conditions aimed at the effective self-realization of women in public organizations is identified: motivation for self-development; adequate self-esteem and self-confidence; the presence of value orientations; psychological stability; support from the environment; providing opportunities for initiative; recognition and feedback; gender equality. The content of each psychological condition is revealed. The essence of the concepts: “value orientations”, “psychological stability” (resilience) is highlighted. The results of the research indicate that the effectiveness of the process of self-realization of women in public organizations is ensured by a complex of interrelated psychological conditions that contribute to the personal growth of women and increasing the effectiveness of the work of public associations.

FACTORS OF POLICE OFFICERS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR ACTION IN CRISIS AND WARTIME SITUATIONS

Yana Ponomarenko — 2025-12-03

In the context of increasing social tension and the involvement of National Police units in eliminating the consequences of war and crisis events, there is a growing need for an in-depth study of psychological factors that ensure the effectiveness of officers’ actions in extreme situations. One of these factors is psychological readiness for professional activity. Psychological readiness comprises motivational, cognitive, emotional-volitional, and communicative components that interact in the process of service adaptation. Given the complexity of modern service tasks, it is important not only to assess the overall level of readiness but also to identify the factors that determine its variations. These include age, length of service, unit affiliation, police rank, the quality of professional communication among colleagues, and the effectiveness of educational and training programs. The aim of the study is to determine the levels and structure of police officers’ psychological readiness for action in extreme conditions, as well as to identify age-related, service-related, and communication factors influencing this indicator. The sample consisted of 267 police officers aged 21 to 58, with service experience ranging from several months to more than thirty years, representing different units and ranks. The diagnostic tool used was the methodology “Psychological Readiness of a Specialist for Extreme Professional Activity”. The results indicated that, overall, police officers demonstrated an average level of readiness, although with considerable heterogeneity: alongside “average” indicators, there were groups with very low and very high levels. Age analysis revealed a slight advantage among younger officers, while work experience did not appear to be a decisive factor. Comparisons by units and ranks showed that the highest levels of readiness were characteristic of investigators and leadership, whereas lower levels were typical of logistics and monitoring services. The subscale “Mutual Assistance and Trust” emerged as one of the strongest predictors of overall readiness, emphasizing the crucial role of professional communication culture.

PECULIARITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING OF SERVICEMEN FROM AMONG SOLDIERS TERRITORIAL DEFENSE

Olena Stupnytska — 2025-12-03

The peculiarities of the organization of psychological counseling of servicemen from among territorial defense fighters are considered. An analysis of disciplines was carried out, such as: “Basics of psychological counseling”, “Production (consultative) practice in organizations of the metropolis”, “Pre-diploma practice”, which are necessary for psychologists to understand in practical work with military personnel who are active military personnel, combatants, war veterans. Attention is drawn to the interdisciplinary connection and the peculiarity of the organization of psychological counseling of fighters performing combat orders and official tasks, and veterans who adapt to civilian life. This allows you to study and understand psychological principles in working with the client, apply integrative approaches to the individual needs of territorial defense fighters and choose a specific method with the client’s problem. Considered the interdisciplinary relationship of production (consultative) practice in organizations of the metropolis, which provides experience and forms skills of quick decision-making and adaptation to different circumstances, allows planning and organizing consultations taking into account time constraints and geographical dispersion of the military. Use online – platforms for consulting, establish effective interaction with unit commanders, and, if necessary, attract additional sponsorship support. Achieving success in the organization of psychological counseling is the deepening and integration of previously acquired theoretical knowledge and practical skills in pre-diploma practice. The ability to conduct research to identify the psychological needs of soldiers, determine the psychological problem and factors that affect the psychological state of a serviceman. Develop and conduct group psychological support programs and individual consultations, provide practical recommendations to improve the mental health of fighters. The study and application of practical and theoretical knowledge of these disciplines makes it possible to create a support system that meets today’s challenges in ensuring the psychological health of defenders.

SUPPORTING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR IN THE CONTEXT OF YOUTH CENTRE ACTIVITIES

Iryna Ushakova — 2025-12-03

The article is devoted to the theoretical and empirical analysis of the psychological well-being of young people in the context of the war in Ukraine and the role of youth centres in supporting it. The paper substantiates the relevance of the problem given the high level of stress factors caused by military events, which manifest themselves in increased anxiety, the risk of developing post-traumatic disorders, identity crises and a decrease in the motivation of the younger generation. Theoretical analysis has shown that the phenomenon of psychological well-being is interpreted in modern science as an integral construct that combines emotional, cognitive, value-semantic and social components, and its study is carried out within the framework of hedonistic, eudemonistic and existentialhumanistic approaches. Particular attention is paid to models of psychological well-being, as well as research on the impact of global crises on the well-being of young people. A special place is given to the phenomenon of resilience, which is considered a key factor in maintaining emotional stability and adaptation in crisis conditions. In practical terms, the emphasis is on the activities of youth centres, which serve as safe spaces for social interaction, psychoeducation and the implementation of support programmes. In the empirical part of the study, a comparison was made of the psychological well-being of two groups: active participants in the youth centre and a control group. The results showed statistically significant differences: young people involved in the centre’s work showed higher levels of psychological well-being, life satisfaction and positive affect, while those who did not attend the youth centre showed predominantly hopelessness and negative emotions. This confirmed the hypothesis about the positive impact of youth centres on the psycho-emotional state of young people in wartime. It was concluded that systematic support for youth centres is an important institutional resource for maintaining the psychological well-being of the younger generation, as it ensures the formation of emotional stability, social integration and positive life orientations. The results of the study are of practical value for the development of effective programmes of psychosocial assistance and prevention of destructive states in young people.

THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN CODEPENDENCY AND ADULT PERSONALITY WELL-BEING

Nataliia Shevchenko — 2025-12-03

The article presents the results of an empirical study on the features of codependency and subjective well-being in adult women and examines the correlations between codependency and the well-being of adults. Codependency has been defined as a psychological state characterized by excessive dependence on another person, reduced independence and self-esteem, an obsessive need to satisfy the desires or needs of others at the expense of one’s own interests, and a strong tendency to orient oneself according to the thoughts, actions, or relationships of that person. The empirical study has shown that the women examined have demonstrated an average level of interpersonal dependence, which has been formed based on the interplay of components such as emotional reliance on others, the desire for autonomy, and self-doubt. Participants have shown a high level of emotional reliance on others, an average level of self-confidence, and a moderate desire for autonomy. It has been found that the subjects have been capable of some independence but have remained largely dependent on others, with moderate ability to establish social contacts and a tendency to avoid deep emotional connections. The assessment of subjective wellbeing has indicated that participants have generally felt a certain level of satisfaction with their lives and current circumstances, yet have simultaneously perceived a need for change or improvement in certain aspects of life. The study has revealed that participants have held a critical attitude toward their own achievements, have tended to compare themselves with others, have had a certain degree of satisfaction with their social contacts, but have not experienced complete harmony in their relationships. It has been concluded that the overall level of subjective well-being in the women studied has been characterized by an average level of manifestation. Correlation analysis has shown that autonomy aspirations and healthy dependence have been positively associated with overall life satisfaction and satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, whereas destructive forms of dependency, self-doubt, and dysfunctional detachment have contributed to increased dissatisfaction with oneself and life in general. The study has confirmed the proposed hypothesis.